Rowing Introduction and Olympic Rowing Tickets

Rowing is a sport in which athletes’ race against each other on rivers, on lakes or on the ocean, depending upon the type of race and the discipline. The boats are propelled by the reaction forces on the oar blades as they are pushed against the water. The sport can be both recreational, focusing on learning the techniques required, and competitive where overall fitness plays a large role. It is also one of the oldest Olympic sports. In the United States, high school and collegiate rowing is sometimes referred to as crew.

While rowing, the athlete sits in the boat facing backwards (towards the stern), and uses the oars which are held in place by the oarlocks to propel the boat forward (towards the bow). This may be done on a river, lake, sea, or other large body of water. It is a demanding sport requiring strong core balance as well as physical strength and cardiovascular endurance.

While the action of rowing and equipment used remains fairly consistent throughout the world, there are many different types of competition. These include endurance races, time trials, stake racing, bumps racing, and the side-by-side format used in the Olympic Games. The many different formats are a result of the long history of the sport, its development in different regions of the world, and specific local requirements and restrictions.

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Rowing Blades and Olympic Rowing Tickets

Modern blades come in two main shapes. The most common is the "cleaver" also called "hatchet", which is used almost universally. Some clubs use the older "macon" style blades also called "spoons" or "tulips" or "shovels" for novice crews. A minority of coaches favors Macon for their top crews, but it has been generally accepted since their introduction in 1992 that cleavers give a speed advantage over Macon under most conditions.

Macon blades are symmetrical, with an elliptical shape and a ridgeline running down the center of the blade face. The blade is squared off at the end. Despite the blade being symmetrical, modern asymmetrical collars or aesthetic issues regarding decorative paint on the blade face may dictate which side of the boat the blade can be rowed on. Macon blades achieved prominence at the 1959 European Championship in Macon.

Cleaver blades are asymmetrical, with a somewhat rectangular shape resembling a meat cleaver, hence the name. The shaft of a cleaver blade connects to the spoon offset to the top edge of the blade. The shape of the face and the offset connection is designed to maximize the surface area of the blade in contact with the water during the rowing stroke, while also minimizing the amount and depth of the shaft that is submerged and contributing to drag. A cleaver blade may only be rowed on one side of the boat or the other. Cleaver blade designs were first developed by Dick and Pete Dreissigacker in 1991.

Prior to the development of the Macon blade a longer, thinner shape was used, known as "square" blades or "standard" blades. They are still occasionally used in training for technique. The development from standard to hatchet, via the Macon, is therefore a progression from long, thin blades to shorter, wider ones. In each case there has been a reduction in the area of the blade that actually moves the wrong way through the water: in practice a point of the blade remains stationary relative to the water, with the portion outboard of that point providing drive, and the area inboard of it providing drag. Shorter, wider blades place this pivot point closer to the blade's neck, reducing the area dragging in the water.

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Breathing During a Rowing Stroke and Olympic Rowing Tickets

There are two schools of thought with respect to the appropriate breathing technique during the rowing motion: Full lungs at the catch and empty lungs at the catch.

With the full lung technique, rowers exhale during the stroke and inhale during the recovery. In labored circumstances, rowers will take a quick pant at the end of the stroke before taking a deep breath on the recovery that fills the lungs by the time the catch is reached. In the empty lung technique, rowers inhale during the drive, and exhale during the recovery so that they have empty lungs at the catch. Because the knees come up to the chest when the lungs are empty, this technique allows the rower to reach a little bit further than if the lungs were full of air. Additionally, this technique allows the thighs to compress the chest, collapsing the lungs further than normal, thus inducing greater air and oxygen volume exchange during each breath.

A scientific study of the benefits of entrained breathing technique in relatively fit, but untrained rowers did not show any physiological or psychological benefit to either technique.

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Rowing Competitions and Olympic Rowing Tickets

Rowers may take part in the sport for their leisure or they may row competitively. There are different types of competition in the sport of rowing. In the U.S. all types of races are referred to as regattas whereas this term is only used in the UK for head to head races which take place in the summer season. Time trials occur in the UK during the winter, and are referred to as Head races.

Rowing is unusual in the demands it places on competitors. The standard world championship race distance of 2,000 meters is long enough to have a large endurance element, but short enough typically 5.5 to 7.5 minutes to feel like a sprint. This means that rowers have some of the highest power outputs of athletes in any sport. At the same time the motion involved in the sport compresses the rowers' lungs, limiting the amount of oxygen available to them. This requires rowers to tailor their breathing to the stroke, typically inhaling and exhaling twice per stroke, unlike most other sports such as cycling where competitors can breathe freely.

Most races that are held in the spring and summer feature side by side racing also called a regatta; all the boats start at the same time from a stationary position and the winner is the boat that crosses the finish line first. The number of boats in a race typically varies between two which is sometimes referred to as a dual race to six, but any number of boats can start together if the course is wide enough.

The standard length races for the Olympics and the World Rowing Championships is 2,000 m long, 1,500 – 2,000 m for US high school races on the east coast and 1,000 m for masters’ rowers. However the race distance can and does vary from dashes or sprints, which may be 500 m long, to races of marathon or ultra-marathon length races such as the Tour du Leman in Switzerland which is 160 km, and the 2 day, 185 km Corvallis to Portland Regatta held in Oregon, USA. In the UK, regattas are generally between 500 m and 2,000 m long.

A feature of the end of twentieth century rowing was the development of Non Olympic multi crew racing boats, typically fixed seat-gigs, pilot boats and in Finland church or longboats. The most usual craft in races are held around the coasts of Britain during summer months is the Cornish pilot gig, most typically in the south west, with crews of 6 from local towns and races of varying distances. The Cornish pilot gig was designed and built to ferry harbor and river pilots to and from ships in fierce coastal waters. The boat needed to be stable and fast with the large crew hence making it ideal for its modern racing usage. In Finland 14 Oared Church boats race throughout the summer months, usually on lakes, and often with mixed crews. The largest gathering sees over 7000 rowers mainly rowing the 60 km course at Sulkava near the eastern border over a long weekend in mid July. The weekend features the World Masters church boat event which also includes a 2 km dash. Two traditional non standard distance shell races are the annual Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge and the Harvard-Yale Boat Race which cover courses of approximately four miles. The Henley Royal Regatta is also raced upon a non-standard distance at 1 mile, 550 yards.

In general, multi boat competitions are organized in a series of rounds, with the fastest boats in each heat qualifying for the next round. The losing boats from each heat may be given a second chance to qualify through a repechage. The World Rowing Championships offers multi-lane racing in heats, finals and repechages. At Henley Royal Regatta two crews compete side by side in each round, in a straightforward knock-out format, with no repechages.

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Kevin Light and Olympic Rowing Tickets

Kevin Richard Light was born on May 16, 1979. He is a Canadian rower. Born in Vancouver, British Columbia but has lived in Victoria, British Columbia since 1985. He began rowing at Stelly's High School in grade 12 and graduating in 1997.

He was enrolled at the University of Victoria from 1997 until 2001 where he was part of numerous Canadian University Rowing Championships teams. But the highlight of his university rowing career came in 2001 when Uvic beat the University of Washington at the Opening Day Regatta. He won the gold medal at both the 2003 and 2002 World Championships in Canada's men's eight team in Milan, Italy and Seville, Spain respectively. At the 2004 Summer Olympics, Light and his crew finished 5th in the finals of the men's eight. Kevin then graduated from the Victoria Motion Picture School in 2005/2005 and then the Western Academy of Photography in 2008/2009 where he studied photojournalism.

In 2006 Light represented Canada along with fellow Victoria rower Malcolm Howard in the men's straight pair. The two combined to form a thrilling come from behind sprint moving from 6th into a bronze medal position with 500m to go at the 2006 World Rowing Championships at Eton, England. In 2007 Light again won the gold medal at world championship in the eight in Munich, Germany. Light has been named as to the Canadian men's eight for the 2008 Olympic Games to be held in Beijing, China. Kevin has a sister named Heather Light who was born on June 23, 1981. She works at Thrifty Foods and swims for the Special Olympics team in Victoria. He won a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the men's eights with Andrew Byrnes, Kyle Hamilton,Malcolm Howard, Adam Kreek, Ben Rutledge, Dominic Sieterle, Jake Wetzel and cox Brian Price.

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Eton Dorney and Olympic Rowing Tickets

Dorney Lake is also known as Eton College Rowing Centre. It is a purpose built rowing lake in the United Kingdom. It is located at grid reference SU929779 near the village of Dorney, Buckinghamshire, and near the towns of Windsor and Eton, close to the River Thames.

The lake is privately owned and financed by Eton College, who has spent £17 million developing it. Additional grants, totaling £500,000, were obtained from Sport England, UK Sport, the DCMS and SEEDA in order to build the lake's finish tower. The project took over 10 years until completion in 2006. Although it is primarily for use by the school, the facilities are hired out for rowing, as well as for canoeing, dragon boating and triathlon training. The lake will be used as the 2012 Summer Olympic venue for rowing and canoe sprint (the whitewater events will take place at Lee Valley White Water Centre in Hertfordshire), and as the 2012 Summer Paralympics venue for rowing.

 This will involve enhancing the existing facilities to include 20,000 seats for Olympic spectators; most of these seats will be temporary. Construction began in October 2009 of enhancements to Dorney Lake, including a new cut-through between the competition lake and the return lane, a new bridge and an upgraded access road, funded by the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA). The Olympics venue is officially termed Eton Dorney.

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Propulsion of Rowing and Olympic Rowing Tickets

Rowing is a cyclic form of propulsion such that in the quasi steady-state the motion of the system the system comprising the rower, the oars, and the boat, is repeated regularly.

In order to maintain the steady state propulsion of the system without either accelerating or decelerating the system, the sum of all the external forces on the system, averaged over the cycle, must be zero. Thus, the average drag force on the system must equal the average propulsion force on the system. The drag forces consist of aerodynamic drag on the superstructure of the system components of the boat situated above the waterline, as well as the hydrodynamic drag on the submerged portion of the system. The propulsion forces are the forward reaction of the water on the oars while in the water. Note also that the oar can be used to provide a drag force acting against the forward motion when the system is brought to rest.

Although the oar can be conveniently thought of as a lever with a "fixed" pivot point in the water, the blade moves sideways and sternwards through the water, so that the magnitude of the propulsion force developed is the result of a complex interaction between unsteady fluid mechanics the water flow around the blade and solid mechanics and dynamics the handle force applied to the oar, the oar's inertia and bending characteristic, the acceleration of the boat and so on.

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